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Technical Data » Grade » P20

P20 Mold Steel

P20 Mold Steel is a versatile, low-alloy tool steel that is characterized by good toughness at moderate strength levels. The steel is commonly used for plastic injection mold cavities and tooling and for die casting dies for zinc. P20 is typically sold in the pre-hardened condition at a hardness of approximately 300 HBW.

Composition
C Mn Si Cr Mo
0.33 0.80 0.65 1.75 0.40
Thermal Expansion P20 Mold Steel, Mold Steel, Hudson Tool Steel
Physical Properties
  • Density: 0.284 lb/in3 (7861 kg/m3)
  • Specific Gravity: 7.86
  • Modulus of Elasticity: 30 x 106 psi (207 GPa)
  • Thermal Conductivity:
    24 Btu/ft/hr/°F
    41.5 W/m/°K
  • Machinability: 60-65% of a 1% carbon steel
Tempering Treatment P20 Mold Steel, Mold Steel, Hudson Tool Steel
Heat Treating Instructions
Stress Relieving

Preheating: Because P20 is sold in a pre-hardened condition, hardening heat treatment is not necessary. After machining and intermittently during service, the steel must be thermally stress relieved by heating to 900ºF (482ºC), equalizing and holding for one hour per inch (25.4mm) of thickness, and cooling in air to ambient temperature.

In those rare circumstances where the steel must be re-hardened, the steel must first be annealed prior to hardening.

Hardening

Critical Temperature:
Ac1: 1405ºF (763ºC)

Preheating: Heat at a rate not exceeding 400ºF per hour (222ºC per hour) to 1150-1250ºF (621-677ºC) and equalize.

Austenitizing (High Heat): Heat rapidly from the preheat to 1550ºF (843°C). Soak for 30 minutes for first inch (25.4mm) of thickness, plus 15 minutes for each additional inch (25.4mm).

Quenching: Pressurized gas, or interrupted oil to 150-125ºF (66-51ºC).

For oil, quench until black, at about 900°F (482°C), then cool in still air to 150-125°F (66-51°C).

Tempering: Temper immediately after quenching or cryogenic treatment. Hold at the temperature for 1 hour per inch (25.4mm) of thickness, 2 hours minimum, then air cool to ambient temperature. Tempering temperatures and hardness are given in chart above.

Annealing

Heat at a rate not exceeding 400°F per hour (222°C per hour) to 1450°F (788°C), and hold at temperature for 1 hour per inch (25.4mm) of maximum thickness; 2 hours minimum. Then cool slowly with the furnace at a rate not exceeding 50ºF per hour (28ºC per hour) to 1150ºF (621ºC). Continue cooling to ambient temperature in the furnace or in air.


All tool steel is sold as annealed with the exception of P20 and 4140HT, which are heat treated to HRC 28/32
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Cerritos, CA 90703

New Hampshire866-557-2874

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Dover, NH 03820

North Carolina800-991-0306

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Charlotte, NC 28217

Illinois800-338-4566

7987 Crest Hills Drive
Loves Park, IL 61111

Sales Offices: Tennessee 888-848-0037 Michigan 833-235-1678